The American Civil War (1861-1865)

The American Civil War was an armed conflict fought between the Confederate States of America and the United States of America which began with the attack on Fort Sumter in 1861. Expected to last less than a year, this war saw Americans fighting each other over the course of four long years. Nations from all across the world watched and learned from this war yet not a single one joined in the combat. The beginning of the end came in 1865 when the famous and loved General Robert E. Lee surrendered his nearly undefeated Army of Northern Virginia to General Grant at Appomattox Courthouse VA. After this, the few remaining Confederate armies surrendered over the course of the summer of 1865. This war claimed the lives of over a half-million Americans making it the bloodiest war in American history up to that time. Central issues in the American Civil War were the conflicts of slavery vs. non-slavery, states vs. national rights, and industrial vs. agrarian economies.

Mid-19th Century Armies

Army Composition
Ranks in the Army

Weapons and Technology

Rifles
Artillery
New Weapons
Naval Vessels
Telegraphs
Railroads

Medicine

Medical Personnel
Diseases
Civil War Medicines
Surgery

Military Officers and Political Leaders

Union

Abraham Lincoln
Ulysses S. Grant
George Meade
George McClellan
William T. Sherman
Winfield Scott Hancock
David Farragut
Joshua Chamberlain
Ambrose Burnside
Philip Sheridan
Joseph Hooker
Daniel Sickles

Confederate

Jefferson Davis
Robert E. Lee
Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson
James Longstreet
Joseph Johnston
J.E.B. Stuart
Pierre Beauregard
A.P. Hill
John C. Pemberton
Stand Waite
George Pickett
Lewis A. Armistead



Battles

Eastern Front

1st Bull Run
2nd Bull Run
Antietam
Fredericksburg

Chancellorsville
Gettysburg
Wilderness
Spotsylvania Courthouse
Cold Harbor
Petersburg
Appomattox Court House


Western Front

Ft. Henry and Donelson
Corinth
Shiloh
Vicksburg
Atlanta
Sherman's March to the Sea
Savannah


War at Sea

Hampton Roads
Mobile Bay


Music